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Young, “The Manifesto and the End of Plural Marriage,” Gospel Topics Essays, ) “Today the hearts of all were tried but looked to God and submitted” ( Zina D. 4, "Official Declaration 1," Deseret Book). Dean Garrett, A Commentary on the Doctrine and Covenants, Vol. He affirmed the intention of the Church and its members to uphold the laws of the land” 1 (Stephen E. He then issued what was called the Manifesto on 26 September 1890, declaring that the Church had stopped the practice of plural marriage and that from that time forward anyone who contracted a plural marriage would be excommunicated. “After considerable consultation with advisors outside Utah and with Church leaders, President Woodruff took the matter to the Lord. In September 1890, government officials began proceedings to turn over the properties of the Church, including the temples, to the government of the United States. These actions were not enough to satisfy the demands of the government and other citizens opposed to the practice of plural marriage, however. Those who had already entered into plural marriage would continue in those relationships, but no new marriages were to be performed.
A year later, the First Presidency prohibited new plural marriages in the United States. In the spring of 1889, President Wilford Woodruff ordered the destruction of the Endowment House, in which many of the plural marriages had been performed. In 1888 the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles directed Church leaders to discontinue preaching the doctrine of plural marriage. “In the meantime, Church leaders responded to the challenges of these laws. The law was declared constitutional by the Supreme Court in May 1890. The properties included the temples of the Lord. In 1887 the Edmunds-Tucker Act repealed the right of women to vote and directed federal authorities to confiscate all properties owned by the Church over the value of fifty thousand dollars. At times some of the leaders, including members of the First Presidency, had to go into hiding to stay out of jail. With these laws being upheld by the United States Supreme Court, their enforcement by appointed governors and sheriffs of the territory led to the imprisonment of hundreds of Saints and many of their leaders. Each law became more restrictive on the Saints and exerted more control over the properties and funds of the Church. Laws were passed by Congress against plural marriage as early as 1862 with follow-up laws in 1874, 1882, and 1887. “The United States made Utah a territory in 1850, and therefore the Congress could regulate activities in the territory. The practice was continued by the Saints in Utah, where it became the focus of attacks against the Church, along with concern over the intertwining of religion and government in the territory. One of the most visible doctrines that caused controversy with the citizens of the United States was that of plural marriage, which Joseph Smith introduced in Nauvoo (see D&C 132).
The political and religious forces that caused them to flee the borders of the United States continued to put pressure on them in Utah Territory. The gathering of the Saints continued as they inhabited the great basin of the Rocky Mountains and began to settle the region.
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The following spring, 1847, an advance party of 143 men plus three women and two children made the long journey to the valley of the Great Salt Lake. After a difficult journey across Iowa Territory, the Saints settled at what they called Winter Quarters in Nebraska and in surrounding settlements. “The members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints were driven out of Nauvoo, Illinois, in 1846.
Gospel Topics: “Mountain Meadows Massacre” Church History Topics: “Mountain Meadows Massacre”